奶制品行业冷链物流分析（六）

时间：2024-02-21 04:11:41来源：admin01栏目：冷链新闻阅读：

奶制品行业冷链物流分析（六）

蒙牛自身的冷链物流发展与管理在全国的奶制品冷链物流相比处于领先地位，但是与发达国家的奶制品冷链物流相比，仍处于低端水平。例如天润、河海、西域春等奶制品企业虽然也能离开生产地送往远处，但是受其自身的冷链物流限制无法将产品像蒙牛、伊利等大型奶制品企业送往全国各地。

Mengnius own cold chain logistics development and management is in a leading position compared with the national dairy cold chain logistics， but compared with the dairy cold chain logistics in developed countries， it is still at a low-end level. For example， although dairy companies such as Tianrun， Hehai， and Xiyuchun can also leave their production sites and send them to distant places， they cannot send their products to large dairy companies such as Mengniu and Yili due to their own cold chain logistics constraints.

限制我国奶制品冷链物流发展的主要原因在于我国地域广阔，奶源产地多集中于内蒙古、新疆等地区，但是这些地域多远离人口密集城市，而且地广人稀交通条件无法满足企业将奶源送往各地。由于我国奶制品冷链物流基础设施陈旧落后的问题，我国的保温车数量远远少于发达国家，只有日本的四分之一，美国的七分之一，铁路冷藏车只占全世界运行车辆的百分之二，但论其面积我国面积又远远大于这些发达国家，使我国冷链物流成本远远高于世界平均水平。

The main reason for restricting the development of cold chain logistics of dairy products in China is that my country has a vast territory， and milk origins are mostly concentrated in Inner Mongolia， Xinjiang and other regions， but these regions are mostly far away from densely populated cities， and the traffic conditions cannot meet the needs of enterprises to transfer milk products. sources are sent everywhere. Due to the outdated and backward infrastructure of dairy cold chain logistics in my country， the number of refrigerated vehicles in China is far less than in developed countries， only a quarter of that in Japan and one-seventh of that in the United States. Railway refrigerated vehicles only account for the number of running vehicles in the world. However， in terms of its area， my countrys area is much larger than those of these developed countries， making my countrys cold chain logistics cost much higher than the world average.

同时，我国奶制品行业冷链物流并没有完整的体系，奶农虽然可以生产大量的牛奶由于我国奶制品产供销一体化并不完善，奶农手中的牛奶多依靠企业收集，但由于这个过程中一出现变质，牛奶生产过程不受监督，所以多数奶制品企业选择与大型牛奶厂合作，并由企业提供奶源的冷链物流。我国奶制品冷链的发展不仅受到地理环境的限制还受到企业间的竞争的限制，由于打开冷链物流就是打开市场，所以企业自身的冷链物流并不愿意让他人使用，这就会出现部分地区重复设置冷链物流点，对企业来说增加了物流成本，对社会来说浪费了社会资源，也制约了我国冷链物流的发展。

At the same time， there is no complete system of cold chain logistics in my countrys dairy industry. Although dairy farmers can produce a large amount of milk， due to the imperfect integration of production， supply and marketing of dairy products in my country， the milk in the hands of dairy farmers is mostly collected by enterprises. Once spoilage occurs， the milk production process is not supervised， so most dairy companies choose to cooperate with large milk factories and provide cold chain logistics for milk sources. The development of the cold chain of dairy products in my country is not only limited by the geographical environment but also by the competition between enterprises. Since opening the cold chain logistics is to open the market， the enterprises own cold chain logistics is not willing to let others use it， which will cause some problems. The repeated establishment of cold chain logistics points in regions increases logistics costs for enterprises， wastes social resources for society， and also restricts the development of cold chain logistics in China.

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